#] #] ********************* #] "$d_SysMaint"'Linux/installation of Linux notes.txt' www.BillHowell.ca 06Aug2020 from 0_linux notes.txt # view in text editor, using constant-width font (eg courier), tabWidth = 3 see also "$d_SysMaint"'Suse/Suse linux specifics.txt' "$d_SysMaint"'Linux/installation of Linux notes.txt' "$d_PROJECTS"'SW install & maintain/Suse install/Suse install notes.txt' "$d_bin"'apps installed.sh' #48************************************************48 #24************************24 # Table of Contents, generate with : # $ grep "^#]" "$d_SysMaint"'Linux/installation of Linux notes.txt' | sed "s/^#\]/ /" # ********************* "$d_SysMaint"'Linux/installation of Linux notes.txt' 23Nov2014 How to make a bootable USB stick 17Nov2014 Redo Download of LinuxMintDeb 201403 for 32 bit system on new USB memory stick 27Oct2014 Install LinuxMintDeb on Lenovo desktop 15Sep2014 Download of LinuxMintDeb for 32 bit system 15Sep2014 From earlier Kubuntu install : 15Sep2014 Download of LinuxMintDeb for 32 bit system 28Aug2014 List of user-installed applications 28Aug2014 Kubuntu install from USB boot drive 15Jan10 Re-install Linux system on new desktop #24************************24 # Setup, ToDos, #08********08 #] ??Dec2022 #08********08 #] ??Dec2022 #08********08 #] ??Dec2022 #08********08 #] ??Dec2022 #08********08 #] ??Dec2022 #08********08 #] 01Dec2022 Bootable USB for Leap 15.4 see "$d_SysMaint"'Suse/Suse linux specifics.txt' from https://get.opensuse.org/leap/15.4/?type=desktop#download downloaded updated offline image - 3.9Gb was only 1.5 Gb (maybe compression effect?) software manager download imagewriter 08********08 #] 23Nov2014 How to make a bootable USB stick OVERALL : DON'T use USB stick - burn iso to DVD!!! not good : http://www.ehow.com/how_8178337_create-usb-drive-linux-mint.html http://www.accella.net/create-a-linux-mint-12-bootable-usb/ good : http://www.geeks3d.com/20130712/how-to-create-a-linux-mint-15-bootable-usb-flash-drive/ OK - this points out that "dd" does create a bootable USB drive. Again, there is the warning that : ... 6 – The last step: the creation of the bootable USB flash drive with the dd command. Pay attention to the name of the USB device: /dev/sdb and not /dev/sdb1 which is a partition in the device: ..." I did my script-based install of LinuxMintDeb : /home/bill/System_maintenance/LinuxMintDeb/scripts_for_iso_install.sh Worked great! LinuxMintDeb came up, but : - I could not install it on the system - when I cold-shutdown, then Lenovo would not recognize the USB drive bootable! Try re-installing on same USB with the script file (log on normal) Search : "Linux Mint" USB boot not recognized ...nothing relevant? I rebooted Lenovo : $ lsusb - shows Lexar USB Drive. I tried to mount it, but Dolphin can't see it? pulled USB and reinserted - again, Disk usage analyzer" states "Contents : ISO 9660 - Not Mounted" maybe this is normal for iso drives, but how can I boot from it? +-----+ I cannot delete the ISO partition?! Search : "Linux Mint" delete iso partition from USB http://forums.linuxmint.com/viewtopic.php?f=49&t=143945 Re: Delete ISO from USB Flash Drive in Mint Postby wayne128 on Sat Aug 31, 2013 10:42 pm Uncle Tim wrote:Now I want to use the USB flash drive for other things, but Mint will not open/mount it. I would really like to not have to rely on Windows to do anything, but... Anyway, is there any way to delete an ISO from a USB flash memory drive within Mint? Run Mint, run gparted. use it to format , or delete the whole partition. then create a new partition to your desired file system, such as ntfs or fat32 For KDE - I alreaDY INSTALLED PARTITIONMANAGER then I created a "New partition table" -> Now Dolphin can "see" the iso files Try to boot from it now? -> Nyet - doesn't shhow as bootable +-----+ reboot KDE & rerun /home/bill/System_maintenance/LinuxMintDeb/scripts_for_iso_install.sh Search : "Linux Mint" install from iso file STILL doesn't show Lexar USB on bootable devices list?! simply reboot KDE? -> wait, try DVD or whatever... +-----+ On Toshiba, LinuxMintDeb, use : 1) Menu -> Accessories -> USB image writer to install iso to Lexar 16 Gb USB Nyet - no workee!!! 2) Menu -> Sound&Video -> Brasero to install iso to DVD BANZAI - this is working!!! Maybe because the Lenovo is too old for USB bootables? 08********08 #] 17Nov2014 Redo Download of LinuxMintDeb 201403 for 32 bit system on new USB memory stick WARNING!!! It's too easy to make a serious mistake, so adapt & use my script : /home/bill/System_maintenance/LinuxMintDeb/scripts_for_iso_install.sh +-----+ Download - Get Debian version : http://www.linuxmint.com/download_lmde.php Md5 sum: $ md5sum >"/home/bill/System_maintenance/LinuxMintDeb/md5sum_hash_result_141117.txt" /media/bill/Lexar/linuxmint-201403-cinnamon-dvd-32bit.iso Result : ba865cdb8defc2114713037f43429bf6 linuxmint-201403-cinnamon-dvd-32bit.iso (also result for Toshiba laptop install) ba865cdb8defc2114713037f43429bf6 Standard: ba865cdb8defc2114713037f43429bf6 from http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=101 OK - download is clean! # +-----+ # How to install Linux Mint via USB : http://community.linuxmint.com/tutorial/view/744 # From Scott Hawkin' book "Linux Desktop Reference" : df example # $ df -h # Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on # /dev/sr1 4.4M 4.4M 0 100% /media/bill/U3 System # /dev/sdd1 3.9G 196K 3.9G 1% /media/bill/E872-54CA -> THIS IS AN EXAMPLE ONLY! # At terminal type : # $ sudo bash >"/home/bill/System_maintenance/LinuxMintDeb/dd_result_yymmdd.txt" "/home/bill/System_maintenance/LinuxMintDeb/scripts_for_iso_install.sh" # Remember, don't include an integer for the USB drive, e.g. '/dev/sdx1', as it would refer to the existing partition on that drive and not the drive itself. dd if=/home/bill/System_maintenance/LinuxMintDeb/linuxmint-201403-cinnamon-dvd-32bit.iso of=/dev/sdd oflag=direct bs=1048576 # 17Nov2014 results : # 1292+0 records in # 1292+0 records out # 1354760192 bytes (1.4 Gb) copied, 191.882 s, 7.1 MB/s 08********08 #] 27Oct2014 Install LinuxMintDeb on Lenovo desktop USB from Toshiba install - boot from this >> doesn't even list the USB on the boot optionss? http://community.linuxmint.com/tutorial/view/744 How to make the USB stick? 08********08 #] 15Sep2014 Download of LinuxMintDeb for 32 bit system +-----+ http://community.linuxmint.com/tutorial/view/744 How to install Linux Mint via USB sudo dd if=~/Desktop/linuxmint.iso of=/dev/sdx oflag=direct bs=1048576 Where '~/Desktop/linuxmint.iso' is the name and location of your downloaded image (located at the desktop in this example) and '/dev/sdx' is the target USB drive. If your system doesn't support 'oflag=direct', you can just leave it out as it is simply intended to speed up the process a bit. $ sudo dd if=/home/bill/System_maintenance/LinuxMintDeb/linuxmint-201403-cinnamon-dvd-32bit.iso of=/media/E872-54CA oflag=direct bs=1048576 Result : 1292+0 records in 1292+0 records out 1354760192 bytes (1.4 GB) copied, 23.9084 s, 56.7 MB/s Booting from USB with Toshiba laptop : No workee, even if USB selected, it went back to Kubuntu. I deleted the .iso file on the usb, using a new terminal : $ cd /media/bill/E872-54CA $ rm linuxmint-201403-cinnamon-dvd-32bit.iso so the USB has almost all memory available redo dd $ sudo dd if=/home/bill/System_maintenance/LinuxMintDeb/linuxmint-201403-cinnamon-dvd-32bit.iso of=/media/E872-54CA oflag=direct bs=1048576 Result : essentially the same as before 1292+0 records in 1292+0 records out 1354760192 bytes (1.4 GB) copied, 19.6088 s, 69.1 MB/s $ cd /home/bill Now I can unmount the USB Oops - there is no .iso image on the USB!?!??? Try dd again, using "of=/media/bill/E872-54CA" subdirectory on USB : $ sudo dd if=/home/bill/System_maintenance/LinuxMintDeb/linuxmint-201403-cinnamon-dvd-32bit.iso of=/media/bill/E872-54CA oflag=direct bs=1048576 dd: failed to open '/media/bill/E872-54CA': Is a directory OOPS!! should be of=/dev/E872-54CA ? nope - dd: failed to open '/dev/E872-54CA': Invalid argument I need to list all the devices! $ sudo diskutil list - no workee >From Scott Hawkin' book "Linux Desktop Reference" : df $ df -h Ah Hah!! Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sr1 4.4M 4.4M 0 100% /media/bill/U3 System /dev/sdd1 3.9G 196K 3.9G 1% /media/bill/E872-54CA Ignore U3 partition and hope that sdd1 is sufficient : $ sudo dd if=/home/bill/System_maintenance/LinuxMintDeb/linuxmint-201403-cinnamon-dvd-32bit.iso of=/dev/sdd1 oflag=direct bs=1048576 It installed the image, BUT Toshiba wouldn't boot from it. There is a worning on http://community.linuxmint.com/tutorial/view/744 that one must leave off the numbers like "0" and "1", which refer to partitions Use my Sandisk 1.9GB USB (I had used this for the Kubuntu 14.04 .iso) /dev/sdd1 1.9G 1.1G 878MG 54% /media/bill/57A1-DC90 Try : $ sudo dd if=/home/bill/System_maintenance/LinuxMintDeb/linuxmint-201403-cinnamon-dvd-32bit.iso of=/dev/sdd oflag=direct bs=1048576 Result : essentially the same as before, but VERY slow! 1292+0 records in 1292+0 records out 1354760192 bytes (1.4 GB) copied, 322.912 s, 4.2 MB/s 08********08 #] 15Sep2014 From earlier Kubuntu install : https://help.ubuntu.com/community/HowToMD5SUM Check the iso file Manual method First open a terminal and go to the correct directory to check a downloaded iso file: ubuntu@ubuntu-desktop:~$ cd Downloads Linux is case sensitive so "Downloads" is NOT "downloads". Then run the following command from within the download directory. md5sum ubuntu-11.10-dvd-i386.iso md5sum should then print out a single line after calculating the hash: 8044d756b7f00b695ab8dce07dce43e5 ubuntu-11.10-dvd-i386.iso Compare the hash (the alphanumeric string on left) that your machine calculated with the corresponding hash on the UbuntuHashes page. An easy way to do this is to open the UbuntuHashes page in your browser, then copy the hash your machine calculated from the terminal into the "Find" box in your browser (in Firefox you can open the "Find" box by pressing ). When both hashes match exactly then the downloaded file is almost certainly intact. If the hashes do not match, then there was a problem with either the download or a problem with the server. You should download the file again from either the same mirror, or from a different mirror if you suspect a server error. If you continuously receive an erroneous file from a server, please be kind and notify the webmaster of that mirror so they can investigate the issue. $ cd /home/bill/System_maintenance/LinuxMintDeb/ $ md5sum >/md5sum_hash_result.txt linuxmint-201403-cinnamon-dvd-32bit.iso Result : ba865cdb8defc2114713037f43429bf6 linuxmint-201403-cinnamon-dvd-32bit.iso Standard: ba865cdb8defc2114713037f43429bf6 from http://www.linuxmint.com/edition.php?id=101 $ sha256sum >sha256sum_hash_result.txt -c linuxmint-201403-cinnamon-dvd-32bit.iso Result : ?none - zero bytes in file 08********08 #] 15Sep2014 Download of LinuxMintDeb for 32 bit system +-----+ http://community.linuxmint.com/tutorial/view/744 How to install Linux Mint via USB sudo dd if=~/Desktop/linuxmint.iso of=/dev/sdx oflag=direct bs=1048576 Where '~/Desktop/linuxmint.iso' is the name and location of your downloaded image (located at the desktop in this example) and '/dev/sdx' is the target USB drive. If your system doesn't support 'oflag=direct', you can just leave it out as it is simply intended to speed up the process a bit. $ sudo dd if=/home/bill/System_maintenance/LinuxMintDeb/linuxmint-201403-cinnamon-dvd-32bit.iso of=/media/E872-54CA oflag=direct bs=1048576 Result : 1292+0 records in 1292+0 records out 1354760192 bytes (1.4 GB) copied, 23.9084 s, 56.7 MB/s Booting from USB with Toshiba laptop : No workee, even if USB selected, it went back to Kubuntu. I deleted the .iso file on the usb, using a new terminal : $ cd /media/bill/E872-54CA $ rm linuxmint-201403-cinnamon-dvd-32bit.iso so the USB has almost all memory available redo dd $ sudo dd if=/home/bill/System_maintenance/LinuxMintDeb/linuxmint-201403-cinnamon-dvd-32bit.iso of=/media/E872-54CA oflag=direct bs=1048576 Result : essentially the same as before 1292+0 records in 1292+0 records out 1354760192 bytes (1.4 GB) copied, 19.6088 s, 69.1 MB/s $ cd /home/bill Now I can unmount the USB Oops - there is no .iso image on the USB!?!??? Try dd again, using "of=/media/bill/E872-54CA" subdirectory on USB : $ sudo dd if=/home/bill/System_maintenance/LinuxMintDeb/linuxmint-201403-cinnamon-dvd-32bit.iso of=/media/bill/E872-54CA oflag=direct bs=1048576 dd: failed to open '/media/bill/E872-54CA': Is a directory OOPS!! should be of=/dev/E872-54CA ? nope - dd: failed to open '/dev/E872-54CA': Invalid argument I need to list all the devices! $ sudo diskutil list - no workee From Scott Hawkin' book "Linux Desktop Reference" : df $ df -h Ah Hah!! Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on /dev/sr1 4.4M 4.4M 0 100% /media/bill/U3 System /dev/sdd1 3.9G 196K 3.9G 1% /media/bill/E872-54CA Ignore U3 partition and hope that sdd1 is sufficient : $ sudo dd if=/home/bill/System_maintenance/LinuxMintDeb/linuxmint-201403-cinnamon-dvd-32bit.iso of=/dev/sdd1 oflag=direct bs=1048576 It installed the image, BUT Toshiba wouldn't boot from it. There is a warning on http://community.linuxmint.com/tutorial/view/744 that one must leave off the numbers like "0" and "1", which refer to partitions Use my Sandisk 1.9GB USB (I had used this for the Kubuntu 14.04 .iso) /dev/sdd1 1.9G 1.1G 878MG 54% /media/bill/57A1-DC90 Try : $ sudo dd if=/home/bill/System_maintenance/LinuxMintDeb/linuxmint-201403-cinnamon-dvd-32bit.iso of=/dev/sdd oflag=direct bs=1048576 Result : essentially the same as before, but VERY slow! 1292+0 records in 1292+0 records out 1354760192 bytes (1.4 GB) copied, 322.912 s, 4.2 MB/s 08********08 #] 28Aug2014 List of user-installed applications http://askubuntu.com/questions/159664/how-to-list-user-installed-applications-not-packages dpkg -l | grep ii 08********08 #] 28Aug2014 Kubuntu install from USB boot drive I followed : http://www.kubuntu.org/getkubuntu https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/FromUSBStick https://help.ubuntu.com/community/Installation/FromUSBStick#Install_and_run_usb-creator 08********08 #] 15Jan10 Re-install Linux system on new desktop On 15Jan10, the hard drive "crashed" again - actully I don't know what the problem is. Possibilities: 1. - hardware - overheating. Two technical people at computer stores/Hash made this comment 2. - hardware - vibrations (fan or disk?) are huge with the HP laptop 3. - virus or worm - my worst nightmare 4. - unstable Linux 9.04? - I rarely had problems with Hardy Heron 5. - my own screw-ups - This was the cause of one disk loss, when I "upgraded" instead of "updated" 16Jan10 Day after crash - purchased used Pentium4 based desktop - 100 $ for computer, 90 $ for video card, 250 $ for LCD screen, another 100 $ for cables, exteranal USB cases, speakers (spent whole day shopping) - installed Ubuntu 9.0 Jaunty Jackelope released Apr09 - updated OS - removed HP laptop hard-drive & put into USB enclosure - copied over bulk of data (including "Old_HP - Dad's paintings, NN conferences etc) 17Jan10- Using Ubuntu 9.04 reference manual Ken Thommas, Andy Channelle "Beginning Ubuntu Linux" Apress, 4th Edition - installed security: p208 Firestarter - restrictive policy, Outbound HTTP, HTTPS, SMTP, POP3 (Didn't add SMTP Port 587 yet!) p216 ClamTK - gksu clamtk to update - suddenly - dead slow connections on a Sunday at noon! - NOTE: -- not gksudo but gksu - GUI not most recent, can't seem to update p207 AppArmour - Synaptic Package Manger - AppAmor profiles - sudo AppArmor status - With Ubuntu, at the current time one can only configure in command line & I don't know yet how to do that. audio plugin for Multimedia gstreamer0.10-plugins-ugly gstreamer0.10-ffmreg 17Jan10 Thunderbird - Synaptic Package Manager to install - Move old emails into it! - Still some problems with the setup 17Jan10 List of other potential installs: - gcc and modules - driver for my screen to get higher resolution, Potrait orientation # enddoc