Lucas /$ F(r,v) = q*{ET(r,v) + (v/c)Bi(r,v)} = q* E0(r) * (1 - β^2) /(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2) *[(1 - β^2 + β^2*cos(θ´)^2)*r - (β•r)*r(rβ)] = q* E0(r) * (1 - β^2) /(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2) *[(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)*r - (β•r)*r(rβ)] = q* E0(r) * (1 - β^2) /(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(1/2) - q*|E0(r)|* (1 - β^2) /(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2) *(β•r)*r(rβ) /* Can one say? : where the first term is conventional (Maxwellian-Relativity) and the second is NEW from Lucas's Universal Force /* Howell - starting with (4-26) Derived Lorentz Force F_L(const v : q,E,Bi) /$ F(r´,t´) = q*ET(r - v*t,t) + q/c*[vBi(r - v*t,t)] /* Lucas puts into observer frame of reference /$1) F(r,v) = q*ET(r,v) + q/c*[vBi(r,v)] /* Using (4-43) E&B_fields_self_consistent /$1a) ET(r,v) = E0(r)*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2) Bi(r,v) = (v/c)ET(r,v) /* Putting (1a) terms into (1) : /$ F(r,v) = q*E0(r)*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2) + q/c*{ v[ v/cE0(r)*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2) ] } = q *(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ)^2)^(3/2) *[ E0(r) + 1/c*v[ v/cE0(r) ] 2) = q *(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ)^2)^(3/2) *[ E0(r) + v/c[ v/cE0(r) ] /* Consider (2) - the expression (v/c)[(v/c)E0(r)] Lucas provides a corresponding vector identity in (4-45) below (this is verified later) : 04_45 Vector identities for Lorentz Force derivation /$3) (v/c)[(v/c)E0(r,v)] = (v/c)•E0(r)*[(v•rh)*rh/c - rh(rhv)/c] - (vs/c)^2*E0(r) /* Subbing (3) into (2) : /$ F(r,v) = q*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2) *{ E0(r) + (v/c)•E0(r)*[(v•rh)*rh/c - rh(rhv)/c] - (vs/c)^2*E0(r) } 4) = q*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2) *{ E0(r) + (v/c)•E0(r)* (v•rh)*rh/c - (v/c)•E0(r)*rh(rhv)/c - (vs/c)^2*E0(r) } /* looking at term : /$ (v /c)•E0 (r) *(v •rh )*rh/c = (v /c)•E0 (r) *(v /c •rh )*rh = (vs/c)*E0s(r)*cos(θ´)*(vs/c*|rh|*cos(θ´))*rh = (vs/c) *cos(θ´)*(vs/c*1 *cos(θ´))*rh*E0s(r) = (vs/c)^2*cos(θ´)^2*rh*E0s(r) /* but /$ rh*E0s(r) = E0(r), vs/c = β /* so 5) ???? = b^2*cos(Op)^2*E0(r) /* looking at term : /$ (v/c)• E0 (r)*rh(rh v)/c = (v/c)•rh*E0s(r)*rh(rh(v /c)) ET(r,v) = E0(r)*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ)^2)^(3/2) /* Now setting b_v = b*v_h = v/c /$6) = E0s(r)*(b_v•rh)*rh(rhb_v) /* subbing (5) and (6) into (4) : /$4) F(r,v) = q*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2)*{ E0(r) + (v/c)•E0(r)* (v•rh)*rh/c - (v/c)•E0(r)*rh(rhv)/c - (vs/c)^2*E0(r) } 7) = q*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2)*{ E0(r) + β^2*cos(θ´)^2*E0(r) - E0s(r)*(b_v•rh)*rh(rhb_v) - (vs/c)^2*E0(r) } /* NOTE : from (7) above, it appears that the 2nd and third expressions in Lucas (4-44) are incorrect intermediates as E0(r) does NOT factor out as shown from E0s(r)*(b_v•r_h)*r_h(r_hb_v). /* From (7), separate terms with E0(r) and E0s(r) within the curly brackets : /$ F(r,v) = q*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2)*{ E0(r) + β^2*cos(θ´)^2*E0(r) - E0s(r)*(b_v•rh)*rh(rhb_v) - (vs/c)^2*E0(r) } = q*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2)*{ E0(r)*[ 1 + β^2*cos(θ´)^2 - (vs/c)^2 ] - E0s(r)*(b_v•rh)*rh(rhb_v) } /* subbing vs/c = b /$ = q*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2)*{ E0(r)*[ 1 + β^2 *cos(θ´)^2 - β^2 ] - E0s(r)*(b_v•rh)*rh(rhb_v) } = q*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2)*{ E0(r)*[ 1 + β^2*(cos(θ´)^2 - 1) ] - E0s(r)*(b_v•rh)*rh(rhb_v) } 8) = q*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2)*{ E0(r)*[ 1 - β^2 *sin(θ´)^2 ] - E0s(r)*(b_v•rh)*rh(rhb_v) } /* multiply q*(1 - b^2)/(1 - b^2*sin^2(Op))^(3/2) into curly brackets : /$ = q*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2)* E0(r)*[ 1 - β^2 *sin(θ´)^2] - q*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2)* E0s(r)*(b_v•rh)*rh(rhb_v) = q*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(1/2)* E0(r) - q*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2)* E0s(r)*(b_v•rh)*rh(rhb_v) = q*E0(r)*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(1/2) - q*E0s(r)*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2) *(b_v•rh)*rh(rhb_v) /* Summarizing, but writing E0s(r) = |E0(r)| : /$9) F(r,v) = q* E0(r) *(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(1/2) - q*|E0(r)|*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin(θ´)^2)^(3/2)* (b_v•rh)*rh(rhb_v) /*++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ /*add_eqn "Lucas_Typo_or_omission 04_44rev1 30May2016 F_electromag_total_constant_v /$L F(r,v) = q*{ET(r,v) + (v/c)Bi(r,v)} = q *E0(r) *(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin^2(O))^(1/2) - q*|E0(r)|*(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin^2(O))^(3/2)*(b_v•rh)*rh(rhβ) /$H ?????????? /% FTodv(POIo,t) = Q(particle) *E0odv(POIo,t) *(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin^2(Aθpc(POIo(t),t)))^(1/2) - Q(particle) *E0odv(POIo,t) *(1 - β^2)/(1 - β^2*sin^2(Aθpc(POIo(t),t)))^(3/2) *(beta_v•Roch(POIo))*Roch(POIo)(Roch(POIo)beta_v)] /* where beta_v = beta*Vonv(PART) OK - works, Problem - usage of angle Oo in observer reference frame (RFo) instead of Op in (RFp) Oo = Op really applies ONLY when frames are coincident & aligned - here Lucas should use (RFp) primes (eg Op) should Roch(POIo) below be Rodh(Vonv_X_Rpcv(POIo)) from file "Howell - Background math for Lucas Universal Force, Chapter 4.odt"?