see Figure "∂[∂(t): Aθpc(POIo(t),t)]" For small angles d[theta] : (1) chord = radius*d[theta] = Rpcs(POIo(t),t)*d[Aθpc(POIo(t),t)] But also from the Figure : chord = Vons(PART)*d[t]*cos(Aθpc(POIo(t),t) + PI/2) ...where d[theta] is a differential change in O But : cos(alpha) = sin(alpha + PI/2) so : (2) chord = Vons(PART)*d[t]*sin(Aθpc(POIo(t),t)) ...where d[theta] is a differential change in O Equating (5) & (6) : Rpcs(POIo(t),t)*d[Aθpc(POIo(t),t)] = Vons(PART)*d[t]*sin(Aθpc(POIo(t),t)) or : (mathH) ∂[∂(t): Aθpc(POIo(t),t)] = Vons(PART)*sin(Aθpc(POIo(t),t))/Rpcs(POIo(t),t) (endMath) /*+-----+ Reminders for Chapter 4 : OBJECTIVES : Where convenient, express variables as functions of FIXED variables : (POIp) -> -Vodv(PART),t,Rpcv(POIp),Aθpc(POIp),Aφpc(POIp) (POIo) -> Vodv(PART),t,Rocv(POIo),Aθoc(POIo),Aφoc(POIo) /*From "Relating [Rpcs,Rθ0pcs,RθPI2pcs,Aθpc,Aθpc]@t to [Rocs,Rθ0ocs,RθPI2ocs,Aθoc,APo] for (POIo)" : /% (2) Rpcs(POIo(t),t)) = { Rocs(POIo)^2 - 2*Rocs(POIo)*cos(Aθoc(POIo))*Vons(PART)*t + [Vons(PART)*t]^2 }^(1/2) and (5) sin(Aθpc(POIo(t),t)) = Rocs(POIo)*sin(Aθoc(POIo)) /{ Rocs(POIo)^2 - 2*Rocs(POIo)*cos(Aθoc(POIo))*Vons(PART)*t + [Vons(PART)*t]^2 }^(1/2) Subbing (2)* & (5)* into (3) : ∂[∂(t): Aθpc(POIo(t),t)] = Vons(PART)*sin(Aθpc(POIo(t),t))/Rpcs(POIo(t),t) = Vons(PART) *Rocs(POIo)*sin(Aθoc(POIo)) /{ Rocs(POIo)^2 - 2*Rocs(POIo)*cos(Aθoc(POIo))*Vons(PART)*t + [Vons(PART)*t]^2 }^(1/2) /{ Rocs(POIo)^2 - 2*Rocs(POIo)*cos(Aθoc(POIo))*Vons(PART)*t + [Vons(PART)*t]^2 }^(1/2) Finally : (mathH) ∂[∂(t): Aθpc(POIo(t),t)] = Vons(PART)*Rocs(POIo)*sin(Aθoc(POIo)) / {Rocs(POIo)^2 - 2*Rocs(POIo)*cos(Aθoc(POIo))*Vons(PART)*t + [Vons(PART)*t]^2}^(1/2) (endMath) /*-----+ LIMIT CHECKS : Dimensional consistency - OK, as all terms reduce to (radians/time) /%As Aθpc(POIo(t),t) -> 0 : L1) ∂[∂(t): Aθpc(POIo(t),t)] -> Vons(PART)*Rocs(POIo)*sin(Aθoc(POIo)) /{ Rocs(POIo)^2 - 2*Rocs(POIo)*cos(Aθoc(POIo))*Vons(PART)*t + [Vons(PART)*t]^2 }^(1/2) -> Vons(PART)*Rocs(POIo)*0 /{ Rocs(POIo)^2 - 2*Rocs(POIo)*1 *Vons(PART)*t + [Vons(PART)*t]^2 }^(1/2) -> 0 /*This is OK, as when the particle is far beyond the coordinate center (t is very large), eventually the rate of anular changes go to zero. /%As Aθpc(POIo(t),t) -> PI : L2) ∂[∂(t): Aθpc(POIo(t),t)] -> Vons(PART)*Rocs(POIo)*sin(Aθoc(POIo)) /{ Rocs(POIo)^2 - 2*Rocs(POIo)*cos(Aθoc(POIo))*Vons(PART)*t + [Vons(PART)*t]^2 }^(1/2) -> Vons(PART)*Rocs(POIo)*0 /{ Rocs(POIo)^2 - 2*Rocs(POIo)*(-1) *Vons(PART)*t + [Vons(PART)*t]^2 }^(1/2) -> 0 /*This is OK, as when the particle is far behind of the coordinate center (t is large negative), eventually the rate of anular changes go to zero. /%As Aθpc(POIo(t),t) -> PI/2 : L3a) ∂[∂(t): Aθpc(POIo(t),t)] -> Vons(PART)*Rocs(POIo)*sin(Aθoc(POIo)) /{ Rocs(POIo)^2 - 2*Rocs(POIo)*cos(Aθoc(POIo))*Vons(PART)*t + [Vons(PART)*t]^2 }^(1/2) -> Vons(PART)*Rocs(POIo)*1 /{ Rocs(POIo)^2 - 2*Rocs(POIo)*0 *Vons(PART)*t + [Vons(PART)*t]^2 }^(1/2) -> Vons(PART)*Rocs(POIo) /{ Rocs(POIo)^2 + [Vons(PART)*t]^2 }^(1/2) Check : L3b) see Figure "Calculus for a POIo" ∂[∂(t): Aθpc(POIo(t),t)] = Vons(PART) / Rpcs(POIo(t),t) = Vons(PART) / { Rocs(POIo)^2 - 2*Rocs(POIo)*cos(Aθoc(POIo))*Vons(PART)*t + [Vons(PART)*t]^2 }^(1/2) = Vons(PART) / { Rocs(POIo)^2 - 2*Rocs(POIo)*0 *Vons(PART)*t + [Vons(PART)*t]^2 }^(1/2) = Vons(PART) / { Rocs(POIo)^2 + [Vons(PART)*t]^2 }^(1/2) /*WRONG!! - missing Rocs(POIo) in the numerator